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Briefing

Iran's Nuclear Program

Critical Issues

How Are Iran's Neighbors Responding to its Nuclear Program?

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How Close Is Iran to a Nuclear Weapon?

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EU Sets Tough Sanctions to Curb Iran

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How Strong are Iran-China Ties?

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Timeline: U.S.-Iran Relations Since World War II

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Timeline: U.S.-Iran Contacts

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Geopolitical, Economic and Financial Implications of an Escalation of Tensions with Iran?

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Background:

Iran has been pursuing its nuclear program since the 1950's - at first as part of a sanctioned effort by Washington to expand the use of nuclear power. Yet, much to the chagrin of the U.S., the Shah began an effort to build a nuclear weapon in the late 1960s, and the Islamic Revolution which displaced him picked up where he left off.  The contemporary controversy surrounding Iran's nuclear program centers on Iran's failure to disclose its enrichment and processing activities to the International Atomic Energy Agency. In December 2007, a National Intelligence Estimate (NIE) of the U.S. government suggested that Iran will not be technically capable of producing and reprocessing enough plutonium for a weapon before about 2015. The NIE suggested that Iran halted nuclear arms program in 2003 but has been conducting research and development projects with commercial and conventional military applications—some of which would be of limited use for nuclear weapons. Iran agreed to engage in direct talks with members of the international community after a year of indirect tactics by both sides. But progress has been elusive and some question whether Iran's true motive in talks is to stall for time.

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Associated Readings

Analysis Council on Foreign Relations Thomas W. Lippman May 20, 2009 Iranian Missile Test Politically Motivated Opinions Wall Street Journal Michael Ledeen Feb 09, 2009 Iran in Orbit News Bloomberg Ladane Nasseri Feb 25, 2009 Iran Says Test of First Nuclear Power Plant Begins Analysis Global Insight Feb 20, 2009 IAEA Bemoans Continued Analysis Council on Foreign Relations President, David Albright, Bernard Gwertzman, Consulting Editor, Institute For Science And International Security and Cfr.org Feb 20, 2009 Iran May Achieve Capability to Make A Nuclear Weapon in 2009 Analysis Council on Foreign Relations Frank Procida Feb 23, 2009 Assessing Motives in Tehran Analysis Open CRS - Congressional Research Service February 2009 Iran's Ballistic Missile Program: An Overview Analysis Council of Foreign Relations Ray Takeyh and Vali Nasr Jan/Feb 2008 The Costs of Containing Iran Analysis Brookings Institution Peter Rodman May 25, 2007 Countering Iran’s Revolutionary Challenge Analysis Institute for Science and International Security David Albright Mar 15, 2007 Iran's Nuclear Crisis: Latest Developments and Next Steps